Are you ready to dive into the world of flash loan arbitrage using Aave and Hardhat? If you’re looking to leverage the power of decentralized finance (DeFi) to profit from price discrepancies, you’re in the right place. In this step-by-step tutorial, we’ll guide you through the process of setting up…

This is the second installment in the Ethereum 101 series. Previously, we explored blocks and how they’re linked to form a blockchain, then poked around at real block data on a test network. 2021 note: since the time of writing, Ethereum demand — and therefore transaction fees — have risen…

Forthcoming mainnet upgrades suggest a future of incentivized data preservation and a shared responsibility to encode the past — Ethereum’s core devs are already approaching another major upgrade to mainnet. This upgrade will center on Ethereum Improvement Proposal #4844 (EIP-4844). They’ve designated a new portmanteau, “Dencun,” to refer to this upgrade (combining “Deneb” and “Cancun,” for updates to the consensus and execution layers, respectively).

The Future of Transacting on Ethereum — Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) 4337, now known as Ethereum Request for Comment (ERC) 4337, is a transformative proposal that could redefine the Ethereum blockchain’s transaction process. …

Bytes are a large aspect of Solidity, whether when using fixed size bytesN or dynamic size bytes array. We will see in this article their difference, bitwise operations related to fixed-sized array bytesN and we can use them to perform some generic methods like concatenating. Table of Content : Endianness & bytes data layout…

Understanding Finality Risks in Bridges — Understanding What Happened With Ethereum Last Week On Thursday, May 11th, and Friday, May 12th, Ethereum encountered an unexpected problem that disrupted block finality for roughly two hours in total. During the two network stoppages (we’re reticent to call it an outage here at LI.FI), …

Table of Content Prerequisite Introduction EIP 4337 Account Abstraction Conclusion Prerequisite solidity knowledge Knowledge of Blockchain account types Introduction Blockchain transactions can only be initiated from an Externally Owned Account (EOA) because an EOA account has a private key to sign a transaction and ETH to pay for gas. Contract accounts can…

We are welcoming you to our weekly digest! Here we discuss the latest trends and advancements in account abstraction, as well as bring some insights from Etherspot’s kitchen. The latest news we’ll cover: · Vitalik Buterin: Ethereum’s “Three Transitions” for long-term success · Account Abstraction wallets struggle with adoption · Comparative analysis…

A deep dive into the Solidity code of gasless ERC-20 approvals ERC-2612 Hi everyone, welcome back to the second article of my series on ERC-2612! If you missed the first article, we covered the general overview of ERC-2612, an ERC-20 token extension that leverages EIP-712 signatures for approving spenders. This…

How to use EIP-712 signatures to save gas, batch approvals and increase security for your ERC-20 tokens. If you are a developer or a user of ERC-20 tokens, you probably know how annoying and costly it is to approve a spender contract before it can transfer tokens on your behalf…

In January Limit Break released Version 1.0 of our creator-friendly programmable royalty solution. In our first article on the topic, Introducing: Opt-In Programmable Royalties (and more) Through Staking, we covered a lot of ground, explaining the power and flexibility transfer whitelisting affords creators to innovate and push the NFT industry…

This article serves as a mini-course on smart contract security and provides an extensive list of the issues and vulnerabilities that tend to recur in Solidity smart contracts. A security issue in Solidity boils down to smart contracts not behaving the way they were intended to. …

This is part two of a two part article, see part 1 here….. Quick recap from part 1: There are 100 million web3 wallets but only 2.5% are active monthly. This re-engagement rate does not bode well for the future of web3 so I proposed that as an industry, dApps should disclose DAU’s/MAU’s rates in…

Have you ever heard about account abstraction? Account Abstraction is that stuff that seems to be the gateway to web3 gaining mainstream adoption. But what is it exactly? In this article, we will understand what account abstraction means and the efforts towards achieving it on Ethereum. What is Account Abstraction? Account abstraction involves two…

Gas-saving is becoming less of a priority due to the rise of Rollup chains, like Zk-Rollup and Optimistic Rollups . However, I believe that gas optimization is still a valuable skill for developers, especially as AI models like ChatGPT become increasingly intelligent. I teach four levels of optimization. As the…

Introduction Changpeng Zhao, CEO of Binance, mentioned in one of his tweets that sending $200 via cryptocurrency would be significantly cheaper than transferring the same amount using standard payment methods. Unfortunately, cryptocurrency applications have lacked easy-to-use User Interface (UI) design along with a number of capabilities that online banking offers. …

Account Abstraction represents a significant advancement in the Ethereum ecosystem, enhancing its security and value. It introduces a new paradigm that enables blockchain accounts to become programmable, which has far-reaching implications for decentralized application (dApp) development. …

The article explains the Inside of blocks in Ethereum, which constitute a fundamental system in the Ethereum platform. Introduction This article explains the Ethereum block structure and its related terminologies. As the Block is the heart of the Ethereum platform, It is necessary to understand what a block is. …

Edit: updated for 2019! Ethereum’s October 15th 2017 hardfork introduced some cryptography precompiles, so now you can do more fancy privacy friendly things. However, it’s a bit tricky using precompiles if you don’t know how to call them, and get all of that low-gas-consuming goodness for yourself. So I’ll explain. inline assembly? The evm? Precompiles? Solidity??? …

Explaining Ethereum state trie to deepen knowledge of Ethereum blockchain. Introduction This article explains the Ethereum state trie. Ethereum is often called a "world state machine" and uses original data storage to record states(accounts) and transactions. As state trie is a core database in Ethereum, it is essential to understand it…