Why privacy, modularity, native stablecoins, custody, DAO tooling, and other big trends will put Cosmos on the map this year — Over the last two years, we’ve watched the Cosmos ecosystem grow from a handful of teams establishing early Interchain plumbing to a flourishing ecosystem of projects and companies building foundational apps and infrastructure needed to scale Web3 to the next billion people.

Abstract As the blockchain ecosystem evolves, the cost to use Ethereum has remained high. The scaling solution ，Rollup， requires uploading compressed transaction data to the Ethereum mainnet for data availability (DA), which incurs on-chain storage costs that remain above ideal levels. …

Edit: updated for 2019! Ethereum’s October 15th 2017 hardfork introduced some cryptography precompiles, so now you can do more fancy privacy friendly things. However, it’s a bit tricky using precompiles if you don’t know how to call them, and get all of that low-gas-consuming goodness for yourself. So I’ll explain. inline assembly? The evm? Precompiles? Solidity??? …

From the beginning of L2BEAT, we put a lot of effort into analyzing and understanding the risks associated with L2 protocols. We do our best to be an unbiased, independent watchdog, acting in the best interest of users and the ecosystem. We do not let our personal preferences for the…

Explaining Ethereum state trie to deepen knowledge of Ethereum blockchain. Introduction This article explains the Ethereum state trie. Ethereum is often called “world state machine” and uses original data storage to record states(accounts) and transactions. As state trie is a core database in Ethereum, it is important to understand it to…

The birth of Bitcoin led to a Cambrian explosion of blockchains with different design decisions and use cases. While these distributed ledgers serve different purposes, they existed (and still exist to a certain degree) as silos with limited meaningful interaction. Similar to the Internet which facilitates different types of computers…

Datachain has been building a bridge between Cosmos (Tendermint-based blockchain) and Harmony since the January 2022 announcement. Today, we’re pleased to announce that Datachain successfully completed building a bridge between Cosmos and Harmony on the local testnet. …

As some of you might not know, IBC (Inter-Blockchain Communication) is not limited to just blockchains built with Cosmos SDK; IBC is a blockchain-agnostic interoperability protocol, and it can be used with a wide range of blockchains worldwide. IBC offers a unique and powerful framework for trust-minimized interoperability. And the…

According to the most recent developer report by Alchemy, the Web3 environment just reached more than 12.000 dApps running across all chains, and, along with that, the number of Smart Contracts verified has grown at least 160% YoY. These are astonishing numbers and do reinforce that decentralized solutions seem to…

If you’ve been around the Ethereum research community lately, you might’ve heard of something called a sparse Merkle tree. They might sound scary, but they’re really quite simple. This post will explain exactly what a sparse Merkle tree is, why they’re cool, and what they’re currently being used for. Merkle Trees First…

A few days ago Multichain’s users were hacked by several attackers groups, all abusing the same vulnerability in Multichain (previously AnySwap) smart contract. The attackers were able to steal tokens valued at millions of US Dollars. Crypto Protocol Publicly Announces Flaw, Users Relentlessly Owned by Hackers The hack against users of Multichain is getting worse as a cybersecurity researcher calls the incident "the worst way…www.vice.com

Blockchain Data Availability The latest Ethereum sharding roadmap [1] prioritizes data sharding over execution sharding, resulting in a significant increase in Ethereum data space throughput. Additionally, modular blockchains have delved into Rollup, volitions and validiums, and Data Availability Solutions. All these are just recent discussions and trends towards blockchain data availability. Anyone involved…

Foreword Five years ago, I wrote a blog post called Miners Aren’t Your Friends, introducing MEV to Ethereum dialogue. Back then, we didn’t call it MEV. Phil Daian & his co-publishers named “Miner Extractable Value” a year and a bit later in their seminal paper: Flash Boys 2.0. Back then we…

Free stuff is always a good thing! Even if the web2 products are selling our data without our consent, we are comfortable in using them, because they won’t charge us. Almost every interaction with the dApp involves a transaction which seems pretty complicated and intimidating for beginners because it prompts…

TL;DR — Validity rollups are not limited in throughput in the same manner as L1s. This gives rise to potentially much higher TPS on L2 validity rollups. StarkNet performance roadmap addresses a key element in the system: the sequencer. We present here the roadmap for performance improvements: — Sequencer parallelization —…

Led by Professor Emin Gün Sirer of Cornell University, one of the cryptosphere’s most esteemed critical thinkers, and the co-founders of AVA Labs, Kevin Sekniqi, CS Ph.D. at Cornell and Ted Yin, CS Ph.D. at Cornell, the “AVA Labs” team recently revealed the concept behind “Alpine Snowstorm”. This took the…

Disclaimer: Not financial advice. As always, please do your own research. With the successful launch of Avalanche subnets like DeFi Kingdoms and Crabada, there has been increased discussion around the tokenomics and value accrual mechanisms of the Avalanche native token, AVAX. This article seeks to address and clarify related questions. …

Avalanche lays the foundations that could enable new web3 products and economies through several key components and innovations in consensus, infrastructure design, and economics. This blog will reiterate them in understandable terms and follow the protocol’s web3 business logic and implications. Fundamental Components Avalanche Consensus Avalanche is a third-generation consensus that combines properties of…

Introduction At some point in blockchain history of development, we forgot that the ultimate goal as an industry is to reach the state of innovation where the web3 tech stack is competitive enough to attract web2. Everyone builds products that barely fit current tech’s capabilities instead of building the tech that…

Avalanche lays the foundations that could enable new web3 products and economies through several key components and innovations in consensus, infrastructure design, and economics. This blog will reiterate them in understandable terms and follow the protocol’s web3 business logic and implications. Fundamental Components Avalanche Consensus Avalanche is a third-generation consensus that combines properties of…